1-3 国民经济和社会发展结构指标
Composition Indicators on National Economic and Social Development
单位:% (%)
1978 1990 2000 2010 2017 2018
项目  Item
一、人口
    Population
    (一)性别结构
        Sexual Composition
       51.7 51.4 51.5 51.4 51.1 51.2
            Male
       48.3 48.6 48.5 48.6 48.9 48.8
            Female
    (二)城乡结构
        Urban and Rural Composition
      城镇 42.0 57.1 64.8 65.8
            Urban
      乡村 58.0 42.9 35.2 34.2
            Rural
二、就业产业结构
    Employment Industrial Composition
    第一产业 75.1 58.4 46.8 28.4 21.7 21.0
        Primary Industry
    第二产业 13.4 20.6 24.5 36.6 35.5 35.2
        Secondary Industry
    第三产业 11.5 21.1 28.7 35.0 42.8 43.8
        Tertiary Industry
三、国民经济核算
    National Accounting
    地区生产总值产业结构
        Industrial Composition
      第一产业 36.0 28.2 17.0 9.3 6.9 6.7
            Primary Industry
      第二产业 42.5 33.4 43.3 51.0 47.5 48.1
            Secondary Industry
      第三产业 21.5 38.4 39.7 39.7 45.6 45.2
            Tertiary Industry
四、固定资产投资
    Investment in Fixed Assets
    (一)产业结构
        Industrial Composition
      第一产业 1.6 3.7 2.0
            Primary Industry
      第二产业 35.8 33.7 28.3
            Secondary Industry
      第三产业 62.6 62.5 69.7
            Tertiary Industry
    (二)登记注册类型结构
        Registration type Composition
     国有企业 32.9 18.8  15.7 
            Stated-owned
      集体企业 2.8 3.5  1.7 
            Collective-owned
      私营企业 24.5 30.5  33.5 
            Private economy
      外商及港澳台投资企业 13.3 4.7  5.6 
            Enterpries with Funds from HongKong,
                 Macao,TaiWan and Foreign
五、能源
    Energy
    能源消费结构
        Composition of Total Energy Consumption
     煤炭 63.7 67.0 54.4 55.4 45.9 48.4
            Coal
      石油 12.9 12.1 23.3 24.8 24.1 22.5
            Petroleum
      天然气 4.2 5.2 5.1
            Natural Gas
      水电 23.4 20.9 22.3 15.2 10.5 7.4
            Hydro power
      核电 13.0 14.6
           Nuclear power
六、农业
    Agriculture
    (一)农林牧渔业产值结构
        Composition of Gross Output Value of
             Agriculture
      农业 77.7 52.1 40.6 40.4 38.7 39.1
            Farming
      林业 6.4 9.5 7.9 8.5 8.3 9.2
            Forestry
      牧业 10.5 22.9 20.1 18.6 19.0 17.0
            Animal Husbandry
      渔业 5.5 15.6 31.4 28.8 30.5 31.2
            Fishery
      农林牧渔服务业 3.7 3.5  3.5 
            Services of Agriculture , Forestry ,
                 Animal Husbandry and Fishery
    (二)农作物播种面积
        Total Sown Areas of Farm Crops
      粮食作物 81.9 75.8 65.5 55.3 51.9 51.3
            Grain Crops
      非粮作物 19.1 24.2 34.5 44.7 48.1 48.7
            Non-Grain Crops
七、工业
    Industry
    规模以上工业企业资产结构
        Composition of Capital of Industrial
             Enterprises
      大型企业 22.0 23.7 37.4 40.1
            Large Enterprises
      中型企业 13.5 40.9 30.4 28.2
            Medium-sized Enterprises
      小微企业 64.5 35.4 32.3 31.7
            Small Enterprises
八、建筑业
    Construction
    建筑业总产值经济类型结构
        Composition of Gross Output Value
             ofConstruction Industry
      国有企业 56.8 41.1 48.6 14.6 5.1 5.3
            State-owned Enterprise
      集体企业 39.9 34.7 33.0 2.0 0.9 1.1
            Collective-owned Enterprises
      港澳台商投资企业 1.1 0.9 0.3
            Enterprises with Funds from Hong Kong,
                 Macao & Taiwan
      外商投资企业 0.1 0.1 0.0
            Foreign Funded Enterprises
      其他 82.2 92.9 93.3
            Other Enterprises
九、交通运输业
    Transportation
    (一)货运量结构
        Composition of Freight Traffic
      铁路 25.9 9.4 8.4 5.7 2.4 2.6
            Railways
      公路 54.8 82.2 77.8 68.9 72.3 70.5
            Highways
      水运 19.1 8.4 13.8 25.4 25.3 26.9
            Waterways
      民航 0.020 0.024 0.019 0.020
            Civil Aviation
    (二)客运量结构
        Composition of Passenger Traffic
      铁路 9.1 3.1 3.2 4.7 21.5 23.5
            Railways
      公路 79.3 92.8 94.3 91.7 69.5 66.3
            Highways
      水运 11.7 4.0 1.6 1.9 3.6 3.7
            Waterways
      民航 0.0 0.1 0.8 1.8 5.5 6.5
            Civil Aviation
十、国内贸易
    Domestic Trade
    社会消费品零售总额结构
        Composition of Retail Sales of Consumer
             Goods
      按销售单位所在地分组
            By Place of Sales Unit
        城镇 89.0  89.8  90.1 
                Urban
        乡村 11.0  10.2  9.9 
                Rural
      按商品形态分
            By Commodity Form
        餐饮收入额 10.2  10.1 
                Catering Income
        商品零售额 89.8  89.9 
                Retail Sale
十一、海关货物进出口
    Imports and Exports of Goods
    (一)进口货物总额
        Composition of Imports
      初级产品 12.3  27.5  46.4  46.5 
            Primary Goods
      工业制成品 87.7  72.5  53.6  53.5 
            Manufactured Goods
    (二)出口货物总额
        Composition of Exports
      初级产品 10.6  7.4  9.1  9.4 
            Primary Goods
      工业制成品 89.4  92.6  90.9  90.6 
            Manufactured Goods
十二、国际旅游
    International Tourism
    来华旅游人数结构
        Composition of Tourists Visiting China
      外国人 14.9 30.8 31.3 37.8 38.2
            Foreigners
      台湾同胞 51.3 29.6 42.6 40.4 40.3
            Taiwan Compatriots
      港澳同胞 33.9 39.5 26.1 21.8 21.5
            Hong Kong and Macao Compatriots
十三、科技
    Science and Technology
    (一)研究与试验发展经费来源
        Composition of Funds for Scientific
             andTechnological Activities
     政府资金 14.6 10.3 11.3  10.7 
            Government Funds
      企业资金 74.5 86.9 86.2  86.6 
            Enterprises Funds
      国外资金 1.7  0.8  0.2  0.2 
            Abroad Funds
    (二)研究与试验发展经费支出
        Composition of Expenditure onR&D
      基础研究 3.1  2.5  3.5  3.9 
            Basic Research
      应用研究 6.7  5.6  7.2  7.4 
            Applied Research
      试验发展 86.4  92.0  89.3  88.8 
            Experimental Development
十四、居民消费
    People's Consumption Conditions
    (一)城镇居民消费结构
        Consumption Composition of Urban
             Residents
      食品烟酒 44.7  39.3  32.9  32.0 
            Food
      衣着 8.7  8.7  5.5  5.5 
            Clothing
      居住 9.4  10.9  26.3  27.4 
            Residence
      生活用品及服务 8.6  6.6  5.7  5.4 
            Household Appliances and Service
      交通通信 8.6  14.9  12.9  12.9 
            Transport and Communications
      教育文化娱乐服务 10.4  12.1  9.6  9.7 
            Education, Cultural and Recreation
                 Services
      医疗保健 4.7  4.2  4.8  4.9 
            Health Care and Medical Services
      其他用品及服务 4.9  3.4  2.4  2.2 
            Other Goods and Services
    (二)农村居民消费结构
        Consumption Composition of Rural
             Residents
      食品烟酒 48.7  46.1  36.9  35.7 
            Food
      衣着 4.9  5.6  4.5  4.5 
            Clothing
      居住 14.6  15.7  25.3  24.4 
            Residence
      生活用品及服务 4.6  5.3  5.1  5.1 
            Household Appliances and Services
      交通通信 8.6  11.6  11.1  12.2 
            Transport and Telecommunications
      教育文化娱乐服务 10.6  8.4  8.4  9.1 
            Education, Cultural and Recreation and
                 Services
      医疗保健 3.6  4.6  6.5  6.8 
            Health Care and Medical Services
      其他用品及服务 4.6  2.6  2.2  2.1 
            Other Goods and Services