铁路营业里程  又称营业长度(包括正式营业和临时营业里程)，指办理客货运输业务的铁路正线总长度。凡是全线或部分建成双线及以上的线路，以第一线的实际长度计算复线、站线、段管线、岔线和特殊用途线以及不计算运费的联络线都不计算营业里程。该指标可以反映铁路运输业基础设施的发展水平，也是计算客货周转量、运输密度和机车车辆运用效率等指标的基础资料。

铁路电气化里程  指在全部铁路营业里程中已安装了供电线路及设备，可以供电力机车牵引列车运行的区段的总里程。

铁路自动、半自动闭塞里程  指装有列车自动或人工完成闭塞状态的铁路设备里程。为保证列车安全运行，在一个区间、同一时间内，一般只允许一列列车运行，这种保证列车在这个区间安全间隔运行的技术方法称为“闭塞”。自动或半自动闭塞里程占铁路营业里程的比重是反映铁路现代化的重要标志之一。

公路里程  指在一定时期内实际达到《公路工程［wtbz］技术标准jtj01-88》规定的等级公路，并经公路主管部门正式验收交付使用的公路里程数。包括大中城市的郊区公路以及通过小城镇街道部分的公路里程和桥梁、渡口的长度，不包括大中城市的街道、厂矿、林区生产用道和农业生产用道的里程。两条或多条公路共同经由同一路段，只计算一次，不得重复计算里程长度。该指标可以反映公路建设的发展规模，也是计算运输网密度等指标的基础资料。

民用航空航线里程  指民航运输定期班机飞行的航线长度的总和。航线长度按机场之间的距离计算，通常有两种计算方法: 一是将每条航线长度相加称为重复计算航线里程;一是将两线或两条以上航线经过同一区段里程，只计算一次航线长度称为不重复计算航线里程。一般常用的是后者，该指标可以确切反映民航运输网的规模，是表明民航事业为国民经济服务和方便人民生活程度的主要指标。

输油(气)管道长度 也称输油(气)里程，指油品(或天然气)的实际输送距离，一般按输油(气)管道的单线长度计算。若包括复线和备用线长度则称为输油(气)管道延展长度，是指管道铺设的实际长度。我们通常使用的是不包括复线的“输油(气)管道里程”，该指标可以反映管道运输的发展规模和水平。

货(客)运量  指在一定时期内，各种运输工具实际运送的货物(旅客)数量。该指标是反映运输业为国民经济和人民生活服务的数量指标，也是制定和检查运输生产计划、研究运输发展规模和速度的重要指标。货运按吨计算，客运按人计算。货物不论运输距离长短、货物类别，均按实际重量统计。旅客不论行程远近或票价多少，均按一人一次客运量统计; 半价票、小孩票也按一人统计。

货(客)运密度  指在一定时期内某种运输方式在营运线路的某一区段平均每公里线路通过的货物(旅客)运输周转量。计算公式为:

货(客)运密度=Σ货物(旅客)周转量/营业线路长度

该指标可以反映交通运输线路上的货物(旅客)运输量运输繁忙程度，是平衡运输线路运输能力和通过能力，规划线路建设及改造、配备技术设备，研究运输网布局的重要依据。

货物(旅客)周转量  指在一定时期内，由各种运输工具运送的货物(旅客)数量与其相应运输距离的乘积之总和。该指标可以反映运输业生产的总成果，也是编制和检查运输生产计划，计算运输效率、劳动生产率以及核算运输单位成本的主要基础资料。计算货物周转量通常按发出站与到达站之间的最短距离，也就是计费距离计算。计算公式为:

货物(旅客)周转量= 货物(旅客)运输量×运输距离

铁路货车平均静载重  指铁路货车在始发站静止状态下平均每车装载的货物重量，用以分析货车完成装车时车辆载重力的利用情况。计算公式为:

货车平均静载重=货物发送吨数/装车数

静载重的多少取决于运送货物的性质、种类、车辆的类型和装载技术的高低。根据货车的平均标记载重与静载重进行对比，可以反映货车载重能力的利用程度。计算公式为:

货车载重力利用率(%)=(货车平均静载重/货车平均标记载重)×100%

铁路货运机车日产量  指在一定时期内，平均每台货运机车在一昼夜内所完成的总重吨公里数，包括载运货物的重量和车辆本身的自重。该指标从时间和牵引能力两方面反映了机车运用效率。计算公式为:

货运机车平均日产量=货运总重吨公里数/货运机车台日数

民用汽车拥有量  指报告期末，在公安交通管理部门按照《机动车注册登记工作规范》，已注册登记领有民用车辆牌照的全部汽车数量。汽车拥有量统计的主要分类: 根据汽车结构分为载客汽车、载货汽车及其他汽车; 根据汽车所有者不同分为个人(私人)汽车、单位汽车; 根据汽车的使用性质分为营运汽车、非营运汽车和特种汽车; 根据汽车大小规格不同载客汽车分为大型、中型、小型和微型，载货汽车分为重型、中型、轻型和微型。

邮电业务总量  指以价值量形式表现的邮电通信企业为社会提供各类邮电通信服务的总数量。邮电业务量按专业分类包括函件、包件、汇票、报刊发行、邮政快件、特快专递、邮政储蓄、集邮、公众电报、用户电报、传真、长途电话、出租电路、无线寻呼、移动电话、分组交换数据通信、出租代维等。计算方法为各类产品乘以相应的平均单价(不变价)之和，再加上出租电路和设备、代用户维护电话交换机和线路等的服务收入。该指标综合反映了一定时期邮电业务发展的总成果，是研究邮电业务量构成和发展趋势的重要指标。计算公式为:

邮电业务总量= Σ(各类邮电业务量×不变单价)+ 出租代维及其他业务收入= 邮电业务总量+ 电信业务总量

移动电话用户  指通过移动电话交换机进入移动电话网、占用移动电话号码的各类电话用户。包括签约用户和智能网预付费用户。一个移动电话号码统计为一户。

本地电话用户  指接入本地电信运营商固定电话网上的电话用户。包括: 住宅用户、单位用户、公用电话用户等。按电话用户位置又分为市内电话用户和农村电话用户。1997年以前，“市内电话用户”是指接入县城及县以上城市的电话网上的电话用户; “农村电话用户”是指接入县邮电局农话台及县以下农村电话交换点，以县城为中心(除市话用户外)联通县、乡(镇)、行政村、村民小组的用户。从1997年起，电话用户数分组调整为以用户所在区域划分为“城市电话用户”和“乡村电话用户”，与过去的按市内电话和农村电话划分方法不同。而电话用户总数、电话机总部数统计范围不变。

城市电话用户  指直辖市、省辖市、地级市、县级市的市区、市郊区及县城(包括县人民政府所在地的县城关区或行政建制相当于县人民政府所在地的镇)范围内接入局用交换机的电话用户数，包括分布在农村地区的独立工矿区、林区、驻军等电话用户数。

乡村电话用户  指按行政区划属于城市范围以外的乡(镇)、村的电话用户数。

住宅电话用户  指安装在居民住宅或农民家里并按照住宅电话用户登记注册和收费的电话用户。包括私人付费、单位付费和按规定免费安装的住宅电话用户。

长途电话交换机容量  指用于接入长途电话网的电话交换机设备的额定容量，包括国际电话交换机容量。局用交换机容量指安装在电信运营企业内用于接续本地固定电话的电话交换机容量，包括现用和备用的人工或自动交换机的全部容量。不包括用户交换机容量。

移动电话交换机容量  指移动电话交换机根据一定话务模型和交换机处理能力计算出来的最大同时服务用户的数量。

 

 

length of railways in operation  refers to the total length of the trunk line under passenger and freight transportation (including both full operation and temporary operation). the calculation is based on the actual length of the first line even if this line has a full or partial double track or more tracks, excluding double tracks, station sidings, tracks under the charge of stations, branch lines, special-purpose lines and the non-payable connecting lines. the length of railways in operation is an important indicator to show the development of the infrastructure for the railway transport, and also the essential data to calculate volume of passenger freight transport, traffic density and utilization efficiency of the locomotives and carriages.

length of electrified railways  refers to the length of the section of railways in operation in which the power supply lines and other equipment are installed for the running of electrified locomotives. the proportion of the length of electrified railways to the total length of railways in operation is an important indicator to show the modernization of railways.

automatic-blocking and semi-automatic-blocking length of railways  refer to length of railways installed with equipment to perform automatic or manual blocking of trains. blocking is a spacing technique by which a section of the railway only allows one train to pass at a time in the aim of ensuring the traffic safety. the proportion of automatic/semi-automatic blocking length to the total length of railways in operation is an important indicator to show the modernization of railways.

length of highways  refers to the length of highways which are built in conformity with the grades specified by the highway engineering standard formulated by the ministry of communications, and have been formally checked and accepted by the departments of highways and put into use. the length of highways includes that of the suburb highways at large and medium sized cities, highways passing through streets at small cities and towns, and also the length of bridges and ferries. it does not include the length of streets in big and medium-sized cities and highways built for the production purpose at factories, mines, forest areas and agricultural areas. if two or more highways go the same section of the way, the length of the section is only calculated for once and no duplication is allowed. the length of highways is an important indicator to show the development of the highway construction and to provide essential information to calculate the transport network density.

length of civil aviation routes  refers to the length of all routes for regular civil aviation flights. there are usually two ways to calculate the distance between airports connected by the route length: one is to put the length of all air routes together, called duplicated calculation of the length of the routes; the other is not to allow the duplication in calculation when two or more routes passing the same section of aviation routes. the latter is usually used, as it can precisely show the size of the civil aviation network and indicate the extent of civil aviation serving the national economy and the people.

length of oil (gas) pipelines  used as an indicator to show the development, scale and level of the pipeline transportation, it refers to the actual transport distance of oil (or gas) products, and is in general calculated in the length of single pipeline. if the length of the double pipelines and alternate pipeline are included, it is called the extension length of the oil (gas) pipelines, which indicates the actual length of the pipelines built, excluding double pipelines.

freight (passenger) traffic  refers to the volume of freight (passenger) transported with various means within a specific period of time. this indicator reflects the service of the transport industry towards the national economy and people’s living conditions, as well as an important indicator used in formulating and monitoring transport production plans and research into the scale and pace of transport development.  freight transport is calculated in tons and passenger traffic is calculated in terms of number of persons. freight transport is calculated in terms of the actual weight of the goods and takes no account of the type of freight and distance of travel. passenger traffic is calculated by the principle that one person can be counted only once in one trip and takes no account of the travelling distance and ticket price. the passengers who travel with a half price ticket or a child’s ticket is also calculated as one person.

freight (passenger) traffic density  refers to the freight (passenger) traffic volume carried by a particular means of transportation during a given period through one kilometer of a specific section of transportation route. the formula is as follows:

freight (passenger) traffic density =[freight ton-kilometers (passenger-kilometers )] / (length of rout e in operation)

measuring unit: ton-kilometer / kilometer (or person-kilometer/ kilometer)

freight (passenger) traffic density reflects the degree of business of freight (passenger) traffic on transportation routes, and therefore provides important information for balancing transport cap ability, planning const ruction and up grading of transport routes and studying t he distribution of transport network.

freight ton-kilometers (passenger-kilometers)  refer to the sum of the products of the volume of transported cargo (passengers) multiplying by the transport distance. it is an important indicator to reflect the achievement of transportation industry. normally, the shortest distance between the departure station and the destination station (i.e., the payable distance) is the basis to calculate the freight ton-kilometers. this is an import ant indicator to show the total results of the transport industry, to prepare and examine the transport plan and to measure the efficiency, the lab our productivity and t he unit cost of transport.the formula is as follows:

freight ton-kilometers (passenger-kilometers) =∑[freight(passenger) traffic×distance of transportation]

static load of freight cars  refers to the average cargo weight as loaded by each freight car under the static condition at the departure station. it is used to show the utilization extent of the loading capacity of the freight cars. the formula is:

static load (ton) of freight car= (tonnage of goods dispatched)/ (number of freight cars loaded)

the static load of freight cars is determined by the nature and type of goods loaded, the type of vehicles, and the technique of loading. the difference between the average marked load and the static load of freight cars reflects the utilization of loading capacity of freight cars. for its calculation the following formula is app lied:

utilization rate of capacity of freight cars(%)=[(average static load)× 100%] / (average marked load)

average daily haul of freight locomotives  refers to the average total ton-kilometers accomplished by each freight transport locomotive over day and night during a given period of time. it includes both the weight of the goods carried and the deadweight of the train itself. it is a comprehensive indicator reflecting the locomotive efficiency in terms of both time and the pulling force.

average daily haul of freight transport locomotive (ton kilometer)=[(total ton/(kilometers of freight)) / (daily number of freight transport locomotive)

possession of civil motor vehicles  refer to the total numbers of vehicles that are registered and received vehicles' license tags according to the work standard for motor vehicles registration formulated by transport management office under department of public security at the end of reference period. they are divided into following categories according to the structure of motor vehicles: passenger vehicles, trucks and others; and private vehicles and vehicles for units use according to ownerships; working vehicles, non-working vehicles and special motor vehicles according to kind of usage; large passenger vehicles, medium passenger vehicles and small passenger vehicles, heavy trucks, light-heavy trucks and light trucks according to sizes of vehicles.

business volume of post and telecommunications  refers to the total amount of post and telecommunication services, expressed in value terms, provided by the post and telecommunications departments for the society. post and telecommunication services can be classified as letters, parcels, remittance, issue of newspapers and magazines, fast mail service, express mail service, savings deposits, stamps for collection, public and individual telegraph service, facsimiles, long-distance telephone service, leasing of telephone lines, urban paging service, mobile telephone service, data transfer and transmission, etc. the accounting approach is to multiply the service products of all types with their average unit price (constant price) to get sum of business value, plus income from other services such as leasing of telephone lines and equipment, maintenance of telephone switchboards and lines on behalf of customers . this indicator reflects the overall results of post and telecommunications service during a given period, and is important to study the composition of business service and the development of post and telecommunications service.the formula is as follows:

business volume of post and telecommunications= ∑(transaction of post and telecommunication service × constant price) + income from leasing, maintenance and other services

mobile telephone subscribers  refer to the persons who own mobile telephone numbers and are connected with the mobile telephone communication network through the mobile telephones witch boards, including contracted subscribers and prepaid subscribers for intelligent network. one mobile telephone is taken as a subscriber.

local telephone subscribers  refer to subscribers that are connected to the local telecommunication service provider through fix line network, including household subscribers, institutional subscribers and public telephones. they are also classified as city subscribers and rural subscribers according to locations. before 1997, city subscribers referred to those connected to city telephone networks in county towns and cities, while village subscribers referred to those connected to village telephone stations at and below counties. since 1997, the classification of telephone subscribers was modified on the basis of physical location of the subscribers as urban telephone subscribers and rural telephone subscribers , which is different from the previous classification of categorizing local telephones and rural telephones , while the definition of total subscribers and total number of telephones remain unchanged.

urban telephone subscribers  refer to number of telephone subscribers, located at municipalities, cities under the jurisdiction of province, cities at prefecture level, downtown and suburb of city at county level town and county towns (including country towns where county government located, and towns of count y level according to the administrative organizational system),that are connected to the public line telephone network, including rural mineral area, forest area, military area.

rural telephone subscribers  refer to telephone subscribers, located at counties (towns) and villages out side the range of cities according to administrative jurisdiction.

household telephone subscribers refer to telephone sets in stalled in the dwelling units of urban or rural residents, and registered as residence subscribers for payment, including 3 types of payment for the service: private payment, public payment and free service.

capacity of long distance telephone exchanges  refers to the rated cap a city of telephone exchanges to connect long distance telephone network, including capacity of international telephone exchanges.capacity of office telephone exchanges refers to the capacity (measured in gate) of telephone exchanges installed in the offices of telecommunication service providers for communication between fixed telephones. it includes the capacity of both manual and automatic exchanges in use and for stand-by purpose, excluding the capacity of subscribers' exchanges.

capacity of mobile telephone exchanges  refers to the capacity of the maximum services provided to subscribers at onetime basing on a certain model and transacting capacity of the mobile telephone exchanges.